Mental Health Documentation

Psychiatric SOAP Notes: Complete Guide 2026

Master psychiatric documentation with comprehensive templates, real clinical examples, MSE guidelines, DSM-5 integration, and risk assessment frameworks for mental health professionals.

Psychiatric SOAP notes documentation

5 Full Examples

MDD, Bipolar, GAD, PTSD, ADHD

5
Complete Examples
10
MSE Categories
DSM-5
Integration Guide
Risk
Assessment Framework

Psychiatric SOAP Note Structure

Each section serves a specific purpose in documenting mental health encounters

S

Subjective

Patient's self-reported symptoms, experiences, and concerns in their own words.

Key Elements:

  • Chief complaint (reason for visit)
  • History of present illness (HPI)
  • Symptom description (onset, duration, severity, triggers)
  • Mood and emotional state reported by patient
  • Sleep patterns and appetite changes
  • Substance use (alcohol, drugs, caffeine)
  • Medication compliance and side effects
  • Social stressors and support system
  • Suicidal or homicidal ideation (patient-reported)
  • Response to previous treatment

Sample Phrases:

"Patient reports...""Patient denies...""Patient states that...""According to the patient...""Patient describes..."
O

Objective

Observable findings from Mental Status Examination (MSE) and clinical observations.

Key Elements:

  • General appearance (grooming, hygiene, dress)
  • Behavior (psychomotor activity, eye contact)
  • Speech (rate, rhythm, volume, tone)
  • Mood (patient's stated emotional state)
  • Affect (observed emotional expression)
  • Thought process (logical, tangential, flight of ideas)
  • Thought content (delusions, obsessions, phobias)
  • Perceptions (hallucinations, illusions)
  • Cognition (orientation, memory, concentration)
  • Insight and judgment
  • Vital signs if relevant

Sample Phrases:

Patient appears...Observed to be...MSE reveals...On examination...Clinically noted...
A

Assessment

Clinical impressions, DSM-5 diagnoses, and risk evaluation.

Key Elements:

  • DSM-5 diagnoses with specifiers
  • ICD-10 codes for billing
  • Clinical formulation
  • Risk assessment (suicide, violence, self-harm)
  • Protective factors identified
  • Differential diagnoses considered
  • Response to current treatment
  • Prognosis
  • GAF score or functional assessment

Sample Phrases:

Diagnostic impression:Meets criteria for...Rule out...Current risk level:Prognosis is...
P

Plan

Treatment plan, medications, therapy, follow-up, and safety planning.

Key Elements:

  • Medication changes (drug, dose, frequency)
  • Psychotherapy plan (modality, frequency)
  • Referrals (specialists, testing, groups)
  • Safety plan if indicated
  • Patient education provided
  • Treatment goals (short and long-term)
  • Laboratory monitoring if needed
  • Follow-up appointment
  • Crisis resources provided
  • Coordination of care

Sample Phrases:

Continue current regimen...Increase/decrease dose to...Start patient on...Refer to...Follow up in...

Mental Status Examination (MSE) Template

Complete framework for documenting psychiatric observations

Appearance

Age-appropriateWell-groomedDisheveledUnusual dressPoor hygiene

Example: Well-groomed, casually dressed, appears stated age

Behavior

CooperativeGuardedAgitatedPsychomotor retardationGood eye contact

Example: Cooperative, makes appropriate eye contact, no psychomotor abnormalities

Speech

Normal rate/rhythmPressuredSlowLoudSoftMonotone

Example: Normal rate, rhythm, and volume; speech is coherent and goal-directed

Mood

EuthymicDepressedAnxiousIrritableEuphoricAngry

Example: "Feeling down" (patient-stated)

Affect

CongruentFlatBluntedLabileRestrictedFull range

Example: Mood-congruent, mildly restricted range, tearful at times

Thought Process

LinearTangentialCircumstantialFlight of ideasLoose associations

Example: Linear and goal-directed

Thought Content

No SI/HIDelusionsObsessionsPhobiasIdeas of reference

Example: Denies suicidal or homicidal ideation; no delusions or obsessions elicited

Perceptions

No hallucinationsAuditory hallucinationsVisual hallucinationsIllusions

Example: Denies auditory, visual, or tactile hallucinations

Cognition

AlertOriented x4Memory intactConcentration impairedAttention normal

Example: Alert and oriented to person, place, time, and situation; memory grossly intact

Insight/Judgment

GoodFairPoorLimited

Example: Insight fair; judgment appears intact

Complete Psychiatric SOAP Note Examples

Real-world examples for common psychiatric presentations

Major Depressive Disorder - Initial Evaluation

32-year-old female presenting with depressed mood for 6 weeks

MDD, Single Episode, Moderate (F32.1)
S

Subjective

Chief Complaint: "I can't shake this sadness and I have no energy."

History of Present Illness: Patient is a 32-year-old female presenting for initial psychiatric evaluation with complaints of depressed mood, anhedonia, and fatigue for approximately 6 weeks. She reports the onset coincided with a job loss 2 months ago. Patient describes mood as "heavy" and rates it 3/10 (10 being best). She reports:
- Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day
- Markedly diminished interest in activities she previously enjoyed
- Insomnia with early morning awakening (waking at 4 AM, unable to return to sleep)
- Fatigue and loss of energy daily
- Feelings of worthlessness ("I feel like a failure")
- Difficulty concentrating at tasks, described as "brain fog"
- Decreased appetite with 8 lb weight loss over 6 weeks
- Passive suicidal ideation ("sometimes I think everyone would be better off without me") but denies plan, intent, or means

Patient denies manic or hypomanic episodes, psychotic symptoms, or panic attacks. She reports increased anxiety related to financial stressors.

Past Psychiatric History: No prior psychiatric hospitalizations. Reports "mild depression" in college that resolved without treatment. No prior psychotropic medications.

Substance Use: Alcohol 1-2 glasses of wine on weekends (unchanged). Denies tobacco, illicit drugs, or cannabis.

Medical History: Hypothyroidism (on levothyroxine 50mcg daily), no other medical conditions.

Family Psychiatric History: Mother with depression and anxiety, treated with Lexapro. Maternal grandmother hospitalized for "nervous breakdown" (details unknown).

Social History: Single, lives alone in apartment. Recently lost marketing job due to company layoffs. BA in Communications. Good support from friends and sister. No children.
O

Objective

Mental Status Examination:
- Appearance: Well-groomed, casually dressed, appears stated age. Makeup applied, hair clean.
- Behavior: Cooperative, seated with shoulders slumped, minimal spontaneous movement. Fair eye contact, frequently looks down.
- Speech: Normal rate and rhythm, soft volume, monotone quality.
- Mood: "Sad and empty" (patient-stated)
- Affect: Mood-congruent, restricted range, constricted. Tearful when discussing job loss.
- Thought Process: Linear, goal-directed, logical. No tangentiality or circumstantiality.
- Thought Content: Passive suicidal ideation without plan, intent, or means. Denies homicidal ideation. Ruminative thoughts about failure and self-worth. No delusions.
- Perceptions: Denies auditory, visual, or tactile hallucinations. No illusions.
- Cognition: Alert, oriented x4. Remote and recent memory grossly intact. Concentration mildly impaired per patient report.
- Insight: Fair - recognizes symptoms as depression, motivated for treatment.
- Judgment: Intact - seeks appropriate help, able to identify reasons for living.

PHQ-9 Score: 18 (moderately severe depression)
GAD-7 Score: 12 (moderate anxiety)
A

Assessment

1. Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode, Moderate (F32.1)
   - Meets 7/9 DSM-5 criteria: depressed mood, anhedonia, sleep disturbance, fatigue, worthlessness, concentration difficulties, appetite/weight change
   - Duration >2 weeks, significant functional impairment
   - Moderate severity based on PHQ-9 of 18 and functional impact

2. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (F41.1) - provisional
   - GAD-7 of 12 suggests moderate anxiety
   - Symptoms may be secondary to depression and situational stressors
   - Will reassess after treating primary MDD

3. Risk Assessment:
   - Suicide Risk: LOW to MODERATE
   - Passive SI present without plan, intent, or means
   - Protective factors: Help-seeking, social support, reasons for living (sister, friends), no prior attempts, no access to lethal means
   - Risk factors: Job loss, isolation, passive SI, family history
   - No hospitalization indicated at this time

4. Rule out: Hypothyroidism (obtain TSH), Bipolar II (no history of hypomanic episodes)
P

Plan

1. Pharmacotherapy:
   - Start sertraline 50mg PO daily in the morning
   - Discussed risks, benefits, side effects, black box warning
   - Provided medication guide
   - Expect 2-4 weeks for therapeutic effect

2. Psychotherapy:
   - Refer to CBT therapist for weekly individual therapy
   - Provided list of in-network therapists

3. Safety Planning:
   - Completed Columbia Safety Plan
   - Identified warning signs, coping strategies, support contacts
   - Crisis line number provided (988)
   - Patient agreed to contact provider or go to ER if SI worsens or becomes active

4. Labs:
   - Order TSH, CBC, CMP, Vitamin D to rule out medical causes

5. Lifestyle Recommendations:
   - Sleep hygiene education provided
   - Discussed importance of routine, exercise, social connection
   - Encouraged limiting alcohol

6. Follow-up:
   - Return in 2 weeks to assess medication response and tolerability
   - Patient instructed to call sooner if side effects or worsening symptoms
   - Patient verbalized understanding and agreement with plan

Bipolar I Disorder - Medication Management

45-year-old male on lithium, follow-up for mood stabilization

Bipolar I Disorder, Most Recent Episode Depressed (F31.31)
S

Subjective

Chief Complaint: "Feeling more stable, but still having some down days."

Interval History: 45-year-old male with Bipolar I Disorder presenting for routine medication management follow-up, 4 weeks since last visit. Patient reports overall improvement in mood stability on current regimen. He describes:
- Mood has been "more even" with fewer extreme swings
- Some residual low mood days, 2-3 per week, lasting hours not days
- Sleep improved to 7 hours nightly (previously 4-5 hours)
- No recent manic symptoms (no decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, pressured speech, or impulsive behavior)
- Energy level "better but not 100%"
- Concentration improved, able to focus at work
- Denies suicidal or homicidal ideation
- Denies psychotic symptoms

Medication Compliance: Taking lithium 900mg daily as prescribed. Denies missed doses. Reports mild hand tremor but tolerable. Increased thirst and urination noted but manageable.

Substance Use: Quit alcohol 6 months ago per recommendation. Denies all substances.

Stressors: Work going well. Marriage stable. Financial stress improving.

Last manic episode: 8 months ago (resulted in brief hospitalization)
Last depressive episode: Recovering from episode that prompted lithium increase 6 weeks ago
O

Objective

Mental Status Examination:
- Appearance: Well-groomed, business casual attire, good hygiene.
- Behavior: Cooperative, engaged, good eye contact, appropriate psychomotor activity.
- Speech: Normal rate, rhythm, and volume. Not pressured.
- Mood: "Pretty good, more stable" (patient-stated)
- Affect: Euthymic, reactive, full range, mood-congruent.
- Thought Process: Linear, logical, goal-directed.
- Thought Content: No suicidal or homicidal ideation. No grandiosity. No paranoia. Future-oriented.
- Perceptions: No hallucinations reported or observed.
- Cognition: Alert, oriented x4. Memory and concentration intact.
- Insight: Good - understands illness, importance of medication compliance and sobriety.
- Judgment: Good - making appropriate decisions, maintaining work and relationships.

Vital Signs: BP 122/78, HR 72
Physical: Fine hand tremor noted bilaterally (mild)

Labs (obtained prior to visit):
- Lithium level: 0.8 mEq/L (therapeutic range 0.6-1.2)
- TSH: 2.1 mIU/L (normal)
- Creatinine: 1.0 mg/dL (normal)
- eGFR: 92 mL/min (normal)
A

Assessment

1. Bipolar I Disorder, Most Recent Episode Depressed, In Partial Remission (F31.31)
   - Responding well to lithium monotherapy
   - No manic symptoms for 8 months
   - Residual depressive symptoms mild and improving
   - Lithium level therapeutic at 0.8 mEq/L

2. Lithium-induced tremor - mild, patient tolerating

3. Risk Assessment:
   - Suicide Risk: LOW
   - No suicidal ideation, no recent mania, good insight, stable support system
   - Protective factors: Sobriety, medication compliance, employment, marriage, good insight
   - Continue current monitoring

4. Alcohol Use Disorder, in sustained remission (F10.21)
   - Sober 6 months, attending AA weekly
P

Plan

1. Medications:
   - Continue lithium 900mg PO daily (therapeutic level, good response)
   - No changes to regimen at this time
   - If residual depression persists, consider adding lamotrigine at next visit

2. Monitoring:
   - Lithium level, TSH, renal function in 3 months
   - Continue monitoring for lithium side effects (tremor, thyroid, renal)

3. Tremor Management:
   - Tremor is mild and tolerable
   - Discussed propranolol PRN if worsens
   - Advised to reduce caffeine

4. Relapse Prevention:
   - Reviewed early warning signs of mania and depression
   - Emphasized sleep hygiene (sleep deprivation can trigger mania)
   - Continue alcohol abstinence
   - Family psychoeducation discussed

5. Psychotherapy:
   - Continue monthly supportive therapy with current therapist
   - Focus on stress management and routine maintenance

6. Follow-up:
   - Return in 6 weeks for routine follow-up
   - Call if mood symptoms worsen, sleep disruption, or manic warning signs
   - Labs prior to next visit

Generalized Anxiety Disorder - Therapy Progress

28-year-old presenting for therapy follow-up after 8 sessions of CBT

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (F41.1)
S

Subjective

Chief Complaint: "My anxiety is definitely better since we started the thought challenging."

Interval History: 28-year-old female with Generalized Anxiety Disorder presenting for 8th session of CBT. Patient reports continued improvement in anxiety symptoms since initiating treatment. She describes:
- Overall anxiety level 4/10 (was 8/10 at intake)
- Less frequent "worry spirals" - now once per week vs daily
- Using cognitive restructuring techniques regularly
- Improved sleep - falling asleep within 20 minutes (was 60+ minutes)
- Less physical symptoms (muscle tension, headaches reduced)
- Successfully used exposure techniques at work presentation last week
- Reports feeling "more in control" of anxious thoughts

Current anxiety triggers: Work deadlines, health concerns (fears about minor symptoms)

Coping strategies being used:
- Thought records 3-4x weekly
- Diaphragmatic breathing when anxious
- Behavioral experiments (testing predictions)
- Scheduled worry time (containing worry to 15 min/day)

Patient reports homework completion (thought records) approximately 70% of the time.

No medication - patient declined pharmacotherapy, prefers therapy-only approach.

Denies panic attacks, avoidance behaviors, OCD symptoms, or depressive symptoms.
Denies suicidal or homicidal ideation.
O

Objective

Mental Status Examination:
- Appearance: Well-groomed, appropriately dressed, appears stated age.
- Behavior: Cooperative, engaged, good eye contact, no restlessness or fidgeting noted (previously present).
- Speech: Normal rate and volume. No pressured quality.
- Mood: "Much better, more hopeful" (patient-stated)
- Affect: Bright, reactive, full range, mood-congruent. Smiled appropriately.
- Thought Process: Linear, logical, goal-directed.
- Thought Content: Some worry about work performance, but able to reality-test. No catastrophic thinking during session. No SI/HI.
- Perceptions: No abnormalities.
- Cognition: Alert, oriented x4. Attention and concentration intact.
- Insight: Good - recognizes cognitive distortions, understands CBT model.
- Judgment: Good - implementing coping strategies, seeking appropriate help.

GAD-7 Score: 8 (mild anxiety) - down from 16 at intake (severe)

Session Focus:
- Reviewed thought records from past week
- Identified remaining cognitive distortions (fortune-telling, catastrophizing)
- Practiced cognitive restructuring with recent worry example
- Planned behavioral experiment for health anxiety trigger
A

Assessment

1. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (F41.1) - Improving with treatment
   - GAD-7 reduced from 16 to 8 (50% symptom reduction)
   - Demonstrating good acquisition of CBT skills
   - Sleep and somatic symptoms improving
   - No functional impairment at work or relationships

2. Treatment Progress:
   - Session 8 of planned 12-session CBT protocol
   - Patient engaged, completing homework, applying skills
   - Target symptoms (excessive worry, sleep-onset insomnia, muscle tension) all improved
   - Cognitive distortions less frequent and more easily identified

3. Risk Assessment:
   - Suicide Risk: LOW (no ideation, no risk factors, multiple protective factors)

4. Prognosis: Good with continued engagement in treatment
P

Plan

1. Continue CBT:
   - Session 9 next week
   - Focus: Health anxiety exposures, interoceptive exposure for physical anxiety symptoms
   - Begin relapse prevention planning

2. Homework Assigned:
   - Complete 3 thought records targeting health worry
   - Behavioral experiment: Delay doctor-googling for 24 hours, record outcome
   - Continue daily breathing exercises

3. Skills Reinforcement:
   - Reviewed cognitive restructuring steps
   - Provided handout on probability overestimation
   - Discussed importance of continued practice even when feeling better

4. Treatment Planning:
   - 4 sessions remaining in initial protocol
   - Will reassess at session 12 for need for additional sessions
   - Discussed transition to monthly maintenance if gains continue

5. Medication:
   - Declined - patient preference for therapy-only approach
   - Will revisit if symptoms plateau or worsen

6. Follow-up:
   - Next session in 1 week
   - Patient to complete thought records prior to session

PTSD - Trauma-Focused Therapy

35-year-old veteran in prolonged exposure therapy

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (F43.10)
S

Subjective

Chief Complaint: "The nightmares are less frequent. I'm starting to feel like myself again."

Interval History: 35-year-old male veteran with combat-related PTSD presenting for session 10 of Prolonged Exposure (PE) therapy. Patient reports continued progress with trauma processing. He describes:

- Nightmares reduced to 1-2x/week (was nightly at intake)
- PTSD Checklist score 38 (was 62 at intake)
- Completed imaginal exposure homework 4x this week
- Highest SUDS during homework: 65 (down from 85 initially)
- Less avoidance of trauma reminders - able to watch war movies with family
- Hypervigilance "definitely better" - less startled by loud noises
- Reengaged in social activities - attended friend's BBQ last weekend

Current symptoms still present (but reduced):
- Some intrusive memories, 2-3x/week (were daily)
- Mild hypervigilance in crowds
- Occasional emotional numbing

In vivo exposure progress:
- Completed exposure to VA hospital (previously avoided)
- Planning exposure to crowded mall this week

Sleep: 6 hours continuous (was 3-4 fragmented hours)
Denies suicidal or homicidal ideation.
Denies substance use relapse - sober 14 months.
O

Objective

Mental Status Examination:
- Appearance: Well-groomed, wearing casual civilian clothes. Less guarded posture than previous sessions.
- Behavior: Cooperative, more relaxed than at treatment start. Good eye contact maintained. No startle response to door closing (previously jumped).
- Speech: Normal rate, rhythm, volume.
- Mood: "Hopeful" (patient-stated)
- Affect: Full range, reactive, mood-congruent. Able to express positive and negative emotions appropriately.
- Thought Process: Linear, organized, goal-directed.
- Thought Content: Trauma content processed during imaginal exposure. No suicidal/homicidal ideation. Future-oriented - discussing return to college.
- Perceptions: Denies hallucinations. Intrusive images less vivid and distressing.
- Cognition: Alert, oriented x4. Concentration improved.
- Insight: Good - understands PE rationale, recognizes progress.
- Judgment: Good - implementing exposures, managing symptoms adaptively.

PCL-5 Score: 38 (was 62 at intake) - clinically significant improvement
PHQ-9: 8 (was 14 at intake)

Session Content:
- Reviewed SUDS ratings from homework exposures
- Conducted 20-minute imaginal exposure to index trauma
- Peak SUDS: 60, ending SUDS: 35
- Processed stuck points related to guilt and responsibility
- Planned in vivo exposure for coming week
A

Assessment

1. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (F43.10) - Responding to treatment
   - PCL-5 reduced from 62 to 38 (38% reduction, clinically significant)
   - All symptom clusters improving: intrusions, avoidance, negative cognitions, hyperarousal
   - Habituation occurring within and between imaginal exposure sessions
   - In vivo exposures progressing as planned

2. Major Depressive Disorder, Mild, Secondary to PTSD - Improving
   - PHQ-9 reduced from 14 to 8
   - Mood symptoms improving parallel to PTSD symptoms

3. Alcohol Use Disorder, in sustained remission (F10.21)
   - 14 months sober
   - Attending AA, strong recovery network

4. Risk Assessment:
   - Suicide Risk: LOW
   - No suicidal ideation
   - Protective factors: Treatment engagement, sobriety, social support, reasons for living (wife, children, career goals)

5. Treatment Progress:
   - Session 10 of 12-session PE protocol
   - On track for successful completion
   - May need 2-4 additional sessions for full processing
P

Plan

1. Continue Prolonged Exposure:
   - Session 11 next week
   - Continue imaginal exposure to index trauma
   - Focus on remaining hot spots (moments of highest distress)
   - Continue in vivo hierarchy

2. Homework Assigned:
   - Listen to session recording daily
   - In vivo: Visit crowded mall for 45 minutes
   - Complete PCL-5 before next session

3. Cognitive Processing:
   - Address remaining stuck point: "I should have saved him"
   - Challenge with evidence, develop balanced thought

4. Relapse Prevention (begin discussing):
   - Identify early warning signs
   - Develop coping plan for trauma anniversaries and triggers
   - Discuss booster sessions as needed

5. Coordination:
   - Communicated with VA psychiatrist re: medication continuation
   - Patient stable on current prazosin 2mg QHS for nightmares

6. Follow-up:
   - Next PE session in 1 week
   - Expected treatment completion in 2-4 weeks

ADHD - Adult Stimulant Management

40-year-old professional on stimulant medication for newly diagnosed ADHD

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Combined Type (F90.2)
S

Subjective

Chief Complaint: "The medication is helping a lot. I'm actually finishing projects now."

Interval History: 40-year-old male with newly diagnosed ADHD (Combined Type), presenting for 4-week follow-up on stimulant medication. Patient reports significant improvement in attention, organization, and task completion. He describes:

Symptom Improvement on Medication:
- Concentration at work "dramatically better" - able to focus on tasks for 2+ hours
- Less procrastination - completing projects before deadlines
- Better able to follow conversations and retain information
- Reduced impulsivity - thinking before speaking in meetings
- Wife notes he's "more present" and listening better

Medication Experience:
- Taking Adderall XR 20mg every morning as prescribed
- Effect lasts approximately 8-10 hours
- Mild appetite suppression at lunch (eating smaller meals)
- Initial insomnia first week, now sleeping well if dose taken before 8am
- No cardiovascular symptoms (chest pain, palpitations)
- No mood changes, irritability, or euphoria

Current Concerns:
- Wondering if dose needs adjustment for afternoon meetings (effect wears off by 4pm)
- Occasional "crash" feeling around 5pm

Denies misuse, early refills, or diversion.
Denies depression, anxiety, or suicidal ideation.
Denies substance use (was requirement for stimulant treatment).
O

Objective

Mental Status Examination:
- Appearance: Well-groomed, professional attire, appears stated age.
- Behavior: Cooperative, good eye contact, sits still (previously fidgeted throughout sessions). Better organized in speech.
- Speech: Normal rate (previously rapid with frequent topic changes). Coherent.
- Mood: "Great, really motivated" (patient-stated)
- Affect: Bright, full range, mood-congruent. Not euphoric or elevated.
- Thought Process: Linear, goal-directed (improved from baseline).
- Thought Content: No obsessions, delusions, or SI/HI. Future-oriented.
- Perceptions: No hallucinations.
- Cognition: Alert, oriented x4. Attention markedly improved. Able to track conversation without reminders.
- Insight: Good - recognizes ADHD impact on life, understands treatment.
- Judgment: Good - using medication appropriately, implementing structure.

Vital Signs:
- BP: 128/82 (was 124/78 at baseline) - within acceptable range
- HR: 78 (was 72 at baseline) - within acceptable range
- Weight: 183 lbs (was 186 lbs at baseline) - 3 lb loss

Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS):
- Part A: 12 (was 24 at diagnosis) - significant improvement
- Part B: 14 (was 28 at diagnosis) - significant improvement

Prescription Monitoring Program: Reviewed - no concerning patterns. Only one prescriber.
A

Assessment

1. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Combined Type (F90.2) - Well controlled on current treatment
   - Significant improvement on Adderall XR 20mg daily
   - ASRS scores reduced by 50%
   - Functional improvement at work and home
   - Good tolerability with mild expected side effects

2. Medication Monitoring:
   - No cardiovascular concerns (BP and HR mildly elevated but acceptable)
   - Weight loss 3 lbs (expected with stimulant, will monitor)
   - No signs of misuse, abuse, or diversion
   - Prescription monitoring reviewed - appropriate

3. Risk Assessment:
   - Low risk for stimulant misuse (no substance history, stable presentation, using as prescribed)
   - No psychiatric comorbidities emerging

4. Areas to Address:
   - Afternoon coverage declining
   - End-of-dose "crash" reported
P

Plan

1. Medications:
   - Continue Adderall XR 20mg every morning
   - Add Adderall IR 5mg PRN for afternoon meetings (3pm dosing)
   - Dispense 30 tablets IR with specific instructions
   - Reviewed not to exceed prescribed doses

2. Monitoring:
   - Continue monthly visits for 3 months, then may extend to every 3 months if stable
   - Check BP and HR at each visit
   - Monitor weight - if continues to decline, will address nutrition
   - Prescription Monitoring Program check at each visit

3. ADHD Coaching/Strategies:
   - Reinforce organizational systems (calendar blocking, task lists)
   - Recommended ADHD coaching consult for additional strategies
   - Provided psychoeducation handout on ADHD management

4. Dietary Guidance:
   - Discussed eating protein-rich breakfast before medication
   - Set alarm for lunch to ensure adequate nutrition
   - Stay hydrated throughout day

5. Sleep Hygiene:
   - Continue taking XR before 8am to minimize insomnia
   - No caffeine after 2pm

6. Follow-up:
   - Return in 4 weeks
   - May consider dose optimization at next visit if afternoon coverage still insufficient
   - Call if palpitations, chest pain, or mood changes

Suicide Risk Assessment Framework

Comprehensive framework for documenting risk in psychiatric notes

Suicidal Ideation Assessment

  • โ€ขAre you having thoughts of suicide or self-harm?
  • โ€ขDo you have a plan for how you would hurt yourself?
  • โ€ขDo you have access to means (weapons, medications)?
  • โ€ขHave you made any preparations or said goodbye to anyone?
  • โ€ขWhat is keeping you safe right now?

Risk Factors

  • โ€ขPrior suicide attempts
  • โ€ขFamily history of suicide
  • โ€ขAccess to lethal means
  • โ€ขRecent loss or stressor
  • โ€ขSubstance use
  • โ€ขHopelessness
  • โ€ขSocial isolation
  • โ€ขChronic pain or illness
  • โ€ขImpulsivity

Protective Factors

Social supportReasons for livingReligious/spiritual beliefsTreatment engagementFuture orientationChildren/dependentsFear of deathProblem-solving ability

Risk Level Documentation

Low

No current ideation, multiple protective factors, no significant risk factors

Action: Routine outpatient care, safety planning

Moderate

Passive ideation, some risk factors present, engaged in treatment

Action: Increased frequency of visits, safety planning, consider higher level of care

High

Active ideation with plan or intent, few protective factors, recent attempt

Action: Immediate evaluation, consider hospitalization, means restriction

Documentation Best Practices

Tips for writing better psychiatric notes

Subjective Section

  • Quote the patient directly when clinically relevant
  • Document specific symptoms with frequency, duration, and severity
  • Include pertinent negatives (denies SI, denies hallucinations)
  • Note medication compliance and side effects
  • Document substance use history at each visit

Mental Status Exam

  • Use objective, descriptive language
  • Document what you observe, not interpretations
  • Be specific: "tearful when discussing divorce" not just "sad"
  • Note changes from previous presentations
  • Include all MSE categories even if normal

Assessment

  • Link diagnoses to DSM-5 criteria explicitly
  • Document risk assessment at every visit
  • Include differential diagnoses when appropriate
  • Note treatment response and prognosis
  • Update diagnoses as clinical picture evolves

Plan

  • Be specific with medication changes (drug, dose, frequency)
  • Document informed consent discussions
  • Include safety planning when indicated
  • Note coordination with other providers
  • Set clear follow-up expectations

Frequently Asked Questions

What makes psychiatric SOAP notes different from medical SOAP notes?

Psychiatric SOAP notes emphasize the Mental Status Examination (MSE) in the Objective section, include detailed risk assessments, document DSM-5 diagnoses with specific criteria, and address psychotherapy interventions. They focus on mood, thought content, perceptions, and behavior rather than physical exam findings. The Assessment must include suicide/violence risk evaluation, and the Plan typically addresses both pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy.

How do I document suicide risk assessment in SOAP notes?

Document suicide risk in both the Subjective (patient-reported ideation, plan, intent) and Assessment sections. Include specific questions asked and patient responses. In Assessment, clearly state risk level (low, moderate, high), list risk factors present, identify protective factors, and justify your clinical decision. In the Plan, document safety interventions including safety planning, means restriction, follow-up timing, and crisis resources provided.

What should be included in the Mental Status Examination (MSE)?

A complete MSE includes: Appearance (grooming, dress, hygiene), Behavior (psychomotor activity, eye contact), Speech (rate, rhythm, volume), Mood (patient-stated), Affect (observed emotional expression), Thought Process (logical, tangential, etc.), Thought Content (delusions, obsessions, SI/HI), Perceptions (hallucinations), Cognition (orientation, memory, concentration), and Insight/Judgment. Document all categories, noting "within normal limits" when appropriate.

How do I document DSM-5 diagnoses properly?

Document DSM-5 diagnoses with the full diagnostic name, specifiers (severity, course, features), and ICD-10 code. Explicitly state which diagnostic criteria the patient meets. Example: "Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode, Moderate (F32.1) - patient meets 7/9 criteria including depressed mood, anhedonia, insomnia, fatigue, worthlessness, and concentration difficulty for >2 weeks with significant functional impairment."

How often should I update psychiatric documentation?

Document every patient encounter, including phone calls and care coordination. For medication management visits (typically every 1-4 weeks initially, then every 1-3 months when stable), document a focused SOAP note. For therapy sessions, document session content, progress toward goals, and treatment plan. Risk assessment should be documented at every visit, even if risk is low.

What are common documentation errors in psychiatric notes?

Common errors include: vague MSE descriptions ("patient anxious" instead of specific observations), missing risk assessments, failing to document informed consent for medications, not linking diagnoses to DSM-5 criteria, copying notes verbatim between visits, omitting pertinent negatives, not documenting medication side effects discussed, and failing to note patient response to interventions.

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